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EthnoBass
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El Hadj N'Diaye Youssou N'Dour West Nkosi Papa Noel Sally Nyollo |
O.
Ebenezer Obey Koffi Olomide Remmy Ongala |
Orchestra Baobab
Orchestra Marrabenta Star de Mocambique |
P.
Fanny Pfumo Q. |
| El Hadj N'Diaye: | N'Diaye is a coming star in Senegal,
his birth is unknown, but he has roots in booth northern Senegal and in
deep south in Cassamance, Mali. Even though both cultures are considered
mande cultures it is a large gap between them, with the Cassamance fighting
for independence. This may be the explanation for his political interests
and his activism.
He is not a praise or love singing artist. His main topics are injustise, injustise in the Cassamance region, towards the Tuareg people and the "shadow people" in Senegal. N'Diaye is also an actor. |
| Viviane N'Dour at Jololi -The rhytthms of Senegal | |
| Youssou N'Dour:
Etiole de Dakar Super Etiole de Dakar Jimi Mbaye |
Youssou N'Dour is a singing griot from the ethnic group wolof
in Senegal. He is a Mouridist, a
brotherhood built upon the holy men (marabouts).
Formed the band Etoile de Dakar in 1979, this was a big success in Senegal. (The band splitted up in 81, becoming Super Etoile de Dakar, with N'Dour, and Etoile 2000, the rival band.). In (Super) Etoile de Dakar Mr. N'Dour created a new music style, the Mbalax. The co-creator of Super Etiole, guitar player Jimi Mbaye, is another important artist in this prosess. First move was to transform the rhythms from the mbung mbung drums to rhythm guitars. He transformed other traditional elements to the keyboard and to the lead guitar. Then he added other Arfo-cuban elements and some elements from American pop music, and there it was, the new style Mbalax. Beside Baaba Maal, N'Dour is the most successful musician in Senegal. A major reason for his success are the topics in his lyrics. N'Dour
theme are things people can relate to, and he is singing for women! An
other reason is his contacts, he's a friend of Peter Gabriel.
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| West Nkosi:
Pretoria Tower Boys Spokes Mahsiyane and his All Star Flutes |
West Nkosi are first of all an important manager and produser in South
African music industry. But he is also a musician. Started at kwela,
a tin pennywhistle, playing pennywhistle jive. He formed his
first band, the Pretoria Tower Boys, in late 1950s. He earned a good reputation,
and started as a session musician. After a while he joined Spokes Mahsiyane
and his All Star Flutes.
Nkosi picked up a used saxophone, and expanded his session career. The jive became harder, this new style was desciribed as mbaqanga, or "homemade". Nkosi started touring with other bands, and he was connected with Mahlathini and the Mahotella Queens a groaning vocal group. Now he is producing and managing them, Ladysmith Black Mambazo and others. |
| Papa Noel:
Papa Noel & Papi Oviedo |
Papa Noel & Papi Oviedo at Tumi Music |
| Sally Nyolo: | Singer born in Cameroon, now living in Belgium. Member of the a cappella quintet Zap Mama for a period. Has now started a solo carrier. |
| N.
El Hadj N'Diaye Youssou N'Dour West Nkosi Papa Noel Sally Nyollo |
O.
Ebenezer Obey Koffi Olomide Remmy Ongala |
Orchestra Baobab
Orchestra Marrabenta Star de Mocambique |
P.
Fanny Pfumo Q. |
| "Chief
Commander" Ebenezer Obey:
International Brothers Inter-Reformers |
"King" Sunny Ade, aka KSA and "Chief Commander" Ebenezer Obey are the
two big personalyties in juju music in Nigeria
now.
The "Chief Commander", is born in western Nigeria in 1942. He started his first band International Brothers in 1964. He renamed them, to Inter-Reformers in 1970. "Chief Commander" modernized juju, introducing funkyer yoroba drums, and more Western (bluesy) guitars. The rivalery between "King" Sunny Ade and "Chief Commander" Ebenezer Obey was one of the key factors in progression the juju style from mid 70s and up till now. Juju moved from a high-life infuenced style, to genuine, Nigerian Yoroba music. |
| Koffi Olomide: | Koffi Olomide is born in Congo in 1958. He is more or less selftought as a musician. Performed for some years in Papa Wemba's band. He set up his own band in 1985, and started his solocareere. Everething he does are sophisticated, his singing, arrangements, and hes stage act, with fancy dancing and clothes. |
| Remmy Ongala:
Super Matimila |
Remmy Ongala is born in Eastern Congo, and came to Tanzania in 1978. REmmy Ongala, singer and composer, is an freespoken WOMAD artist. Remmy has a lot to say, he sometimes draws half hours raps about AIDS, use of condoms, corruption, social rights and other social issues. |
| Orchestra Baobab: | Orcestra Baobab was formed in 1970 to play at the opening night at
Club Baobab (baobab is the name of tree in Senegal) in Dakar. The music
scene in Dakar was dominated by Afro-Cuban rumba inspired (rumbish?)
music. OA was pioners in adding "new" elements of Wolof
and Mande music, there where
also elements of other ethnic groups outside Senegal.
This, plus more than a touch of reggae influence, made OA something completly
different.
They recorded about 20 LP's in the 70's and first part of the 80's. OA lost their leading position in late 70's. Other bands i.e. Etiole de Dakar (Youssou N'Dour) created new sounds and rhythms, -Mbalax music. In 1982 they recorded "Pirates' Choise", an album that gave them cult status among DJ's after the bands death. The title is a reference to the enormous appeal the band had to the bootleggers. It was re-issued in 1989 by World Circuit. In 2001 World Circuit and Nick Gold decided to re-issue Pirates' Choice once again. He also managed to persuade the core members of Orchestra Baobab to come together again as a band. So far this has resulted in a new album, "Specialts in All Styles", produced by Nick Gold and Yousou N'Dour (a bit ironic?). N'Dour and Ibrahim Ferrer (Buena Vista Social Club) are guest artists. The world critics claims this album to be "sexyer than Buena Vista", and it was "Winners in the Africa and Critics Award" at BBC in 2003. In other words, a huge, and well earned sucsess. "'This first CD is to remind people that we can still play,' says Gomis. 'The next will have new styles and more guests.'" (From a BBC interview) |
| Orchestra
Marrabenta Star de Mocambique:
Wazimbo |
Band from Mozambique, in Marrabenta style. Led by the singer Wazimbo, ex. Grupo Radio Mocambique. The Orchestra no nonger exists, but Wazimbo is continuing as a solo artist. Marrabenta is a style with it's out spring in a meeting between Portuguese colony masters and local musicians. The colony masters wanted to hear their own music abroad, and the local musicians adapted and transformed it into Marrabenta. After independence Marrabenta has been criticized because of it's western style, anyway it's still there. It's a City style. |
| N.
El Hadj N'Diaye Youssou N'Dour West Nkosi Papa Noel Sally Nyollo |
O.
Ebenezer Obey Koffi Olomide Remmy Ongala |
Orchestra Baobab
Orchestra Marrabenta Star de Mocambique |
P.
Fanny Pfumo Q. |
| Pape & Cheikh: | Pape & Cheikh at Jololi - the rhythms of Senegal |
| Fany Pfumo:
Alexander Jafete |
Late Fany Pfumo was one of the pioneers in the Mozambicanmarrabenta style. Started with a oil tin guitar and funny lyrics. Pfumo and the mandolin player Alexander Jafete had a lot of recording sessions in Johannesburg in South Africa in the 50s and 60s, some of them where their own stuff and some where as studio musicians. |
| N.
El Hadj N'Diaye Youssou N'Dour West Nkosi Sally Nyollo |
O.
Ebenezer Obey Koffi Olomide Remmy Ongala |
Orchestra
Marrabenta Star de Orchestra Baobab
Mocambique |
P.
Fanny Pfumo Q. |